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Text composition
To the top
Compose text
Hyphenate text
Prevent unwanted word breaks
Change Justification settings
Compose text
The appearance of text on your page depends on a complex interaction of processes called composition. Using the word spacing, letterspacing,
glyph scaling, and hyphenation options you’ve selected, InDesign composes your type in a way that best supports the specified parameters.
InDesign offers two composition methods: Adobe Paragraph Composer (the default) and Adobe Single-line Composer (both are available from the
Control panel menu). You can select which composer to use from the Paragraph panel menu, the Justification dialog box, or the Control panel
menu.
InDesign supports four methods developed for typesetting, including Adobe Japanese Single-line Composer, Adobe Japanese Paragraph
Composer, Adobe Paragraph Composer, and Adobe Single-line Composer. Each Composer evaluates possible breaks for Japanese and Roman
text, and chooses those which best support the hyphenation and justification options specified for a given paragraph. The Adobe Japanese
Paragraph Composer is selected by the default. For details on these options, see InDesign Help.
InDesign Magazine provides an article about fixing composition problems at Mind the Gaps.
Composition methods
InDesign offers two composition methods: Adobe Paragraph Composer (the default) and Adobe Single-line Composer. Both composition methods
evaluate possible breaks, and choose those that best support the hyphenation and justification options you’ve specified for a given paragraph.
The Adobe Paragraph Composer
Considers a network of breakpoints for an entire paragraph, and thus can optimize earlier lines in the paragraph in order to eliminate especially
unattractive breaks later on. Paragraph composition results in more even spacing with fewer hyphens.
The Paragraph Composer approaches composition by identifying possible breakpoints, evaluating them, and assigning a weighted penalty to them
based on such principles as evenness of letterspacing, word spacing, and hyphenation.
You can use the Hyphenation dialog box to determine the relationship between better spacing and fewer hyphens. (See Hyphenate text.)
The Adobe Single-line Composer
Offers a traditional approach to composing text one line at a time. This option is useful if you want to restrict composition changes from late-stage
edits.
Choose a composition method for a paragraph
Do any of the following:
430
- INDESIGN 1
- Contents 2
- What's New 6
- January 2014 7
- Hyperlinks enhancements 8
- Editing hyperlinks made easy 9
- Manage hyperlinks easily 9
- EPUB enhancements 10
- More control over EPUB export 11
- Create EPUBs for any market 12
- Changes to User Interface 12
- Other enhancements 13
- User interface modernization 15
- Platform enhancements 16
- QR codes 17
- Font menu enhancements 17
- Major enhancements 18
- New Fonts menu widget 18
- Search fonts made easy 18
- Using the new search 18
- Adobe Exchange panel 21
- Other updates 22
- What's new in CS6 23
- Linked content 24
- Digital publishing 25
- Text frame fitting options 26
- Packaging and preflight 26
- EPUB and HTML5 27
- Interactivity 28
- Productivity enhancements 29
- Language support 31
- Extension Manager CS6 32
- What's covered? 33
- Introduction 33
- Sync settings at first launch 33
- Managing sync 34
- What’s not supported 35
- Style to class name mapping 37
- Version string metadata 38
- Break-before property mapping 40
- Workspace and workflow 57
- Open InDesign documents 67
- Open recent document 68
- Adobe Version Cue 69
- Use document templates 69
- Reviewing InDesign documents 70
- Customize menus 72
- Missing menu commands 73
- Use keyboard shortcut sets 73
- View shortcuts 74
- Create a new shortcut set 74
- Create or redefine a shortcut 74
- Workspace basics 76
- Hide or show all panels 77
- Display panel options 77
- Reconfigure the Tools panel 77
- Manage windows and panels 78
- Move panels 79
- Add and remove panels 79
- Manipulate panel groups 80
- Stack floating panels 80
- Resize panels 80
- Save and switch workspaces 81
- Display or switch workspaces 82
- Delete a custom workspace 82
- Restore the default workspace 82
- About view modes 83
- Using the status bar 83
- Control panel overview 83
- Display the panel menu 84
- Customize the Control panel 84
- About the Navigator panel 85
- Use context menus 85
- Change Interface preferences 85
- Recovery and undo 87
- Working with managed files 89
- Check out content (InCopy) 90
- Update content 91
- Update the InDesign layout 92
- Check in content 93
- Save changes (InDesign) 93
- Save changes (InCopy) 93
- Viewing the workspace 95
- Adjust the view 96
- Turn pages 96
- Work with additional windows 97
- Greek type 98
- Sharing content 100
- Managed files 102
- Local server workflow 103
- E-mail package workflow 104
- Enter user identification 105
- Workflow icons 105
- Adobe also recommends 106
- Toolbox overview 107
- Display tool options 108
- Select tools temporarily 108
- View tool hints 108
- Change the toolbox layout 108
- Tools overview 109
- Gallery of selection tools 109
- To the top 111
- Assignment files 114
- Saving documents 119
- Work with metadata 121
- Edit metadata in image files 123
- PageMaker menu commands 124
- PageMaker Edit menu commands 125
- PageMaker Type menu commands 126
- PageMaker View menu commands 129
- Default keyboard shortcuts 132
- selection by 10 134
- Keys for transforming objects 135
- Keys for tables 136
- Keys for working with type 137
- Keys for working with XML 141
- Keys for indexing 142
- Keys for panels 142
- Keys for the Control panel 143
- Keys for the Tabs panel 144
- Keys for the Layers panel 145
- Keys for the Pages panel 145
- Keys for the Color panel 146
- Keys for the Swatches panel 146
- Keys for the Transform panel 147
- Convert PageMaker documents 149
- Assignment packages 153
- Receive packages (InCopy) 154
- Adjusting your workflow 156
- Correct mistakes 157
- Layout and design 159
- Create new documents 161
- Document window overview 162
- Create custom page sizes 163
- Define document presets 163
- Generate QR codes 165
- Transform the QR code object 167
- Creating text and text frames 168
- Move and resize text frames 169
- Change text frame properties 170
- Add columns to a text frame 171
- First baseline offset options 172
- Align panel overview 175
- Align or distribute objects 175
- Footnotes 179
- Footnote layout options 180
- Delete footnotes 181
- Work with footnote text 181
- Creating book files 183
- Manage book files 184
- Synchronize book documents 185
- Synchronizing master pages 186
- Print or output a book file 188
- Creating an index 190
- Index panel overview 191
- Add topics to the topics list 192
- Add index entries 193
- Page range options in indexes 196
- Generate an index 198
- Index formatting options 199
- Manage an index 201
- Delete index markers 202
- Capitalize index entries 202
- Creating a table of contents 203
- Generate a table of contents 204
- Create a TOC style 205
- Update a table of contents 208
- Editing a table of contents 208
- What's covered 209
- Recommended workflow 209
- Liquid layouts 209
- Liquid page rules 210
- Alternate layouts 212
- Create Alternate Layouts 213
- Linked content 214
- Place and link 215
- Specify link options 215
- Custom Style Mapping 216
- Update a linked item 217
- Creating type on a path 218
- Edit or delete type on a path 219
- Slide type along a path 220
- Flip type on a path 221
- Creating documents 223
- Change document setup 224
- Create unequal column widths 224
- Create a new document 226
- New Document options 227
- Clipping paths 231
- Clipping path options 232
- Add basic page numbering 235
- Common page numbering tasks 236
- About pages and spreads 238
- Add new pages to a document 239
- Threading text 242
- Unthread text frames 243
- Cut a frame from a thread 244
- Delete a frame from a thread 244
- Flow text manually 245
- Flow text semi-automatically 245
- Use Smart Text Reflow 246
- Wrapping text around objects 248
- Create an inverted text wrap 250
- Compound paths and shapes 253
- Master pages 253
- Adobe World-Ready Composers 254
- Text direction 255
- Story direction 256
- Automatic Kashida insertion 256
- Ligatures 257
- Diacritical marks 257
- Default fonts 258
- Legacy font support 258
- Digit Types 258
- Hyphenation 259
- Find and replace 259
- Justification Alternates 260
- Table direction 261
- Binding directions 261
- Page and chapter numbering 262
- Diacritical coloring 263
- Flexible width columns 264
- Check spelling 266
- Use dynamic spelling 267
- Add words to dictionaries 270
- Export a word list 271
- Import a word list 271
- Change dictionary preferences 271
- Editing text 274
- List of hidden characters 275
- Break options 277
- Use the Story Editor 278
- Return to the layout window 279
- Story Editor preferences 279
- Use conditional text 280
- Create conditions 282
- Apply conditions to text 282
- Show or hide conditions 282
- Use condition sets 283
- Manage conditions 283
- Captions 286
- Paragraph Style 287
- Define caption variables 288
- Adding text to frames 289
- Paste text 290
- Drag and drop text 291
- Place (import) text 291
- About import filters 292
- Text-file import options 294
- Import Buzzword documents 295
- More Help 297
- Find/Change 309
- Find and change text 310
- Common Find/Change techniques 312
- Search using GREP expressions 313
- GREP search examples 314
- Metacharacters for searching 317
- Find and change objects 321
- Find and change glyphs 322
- Find and change fonts 322
- Search using queries 324
- Save queries 324
- Delete queries 324
- Load queries 324
- Bullets and numbering 326
- Change bullet characters 328
- Change numbered list options 329
- Defining lists 330
- Define a list 331
- Edit a defined list 331
- Delete a defined list 331
- Create multi-level lists 332
- Track changes 336
- Show or hide changes 337
- Turn off change tracking 337
- Accept and reject changes 338
- Set Track Changes preferences 338
- Text variables 340
- Variable types 341
- Insert text variables 343
- Glyphs and special characters 349
- Insert special characters 350
- Insert a recently used glyph 350
- Clear recently used glyphs 351
- Create a custom glyph set 353
- View a custom glyph set 353
- Edit custom glyph sets 353
- Use quotation marks 354
- Insert white space characters 355
- Formatting CJK characters 357
- Use tate-chu-yoko 358
- Add Ruby to text 359
- Ruby settings 360
- Apply kenten 361
- Align text of different sizes 362
- Articles (CS5.5) 369
- Managing articles 370
- Include articles for export 370
- Anchored objects 371
- Create an anchored object 372
- Custom position options 373
- Y Relative To 375
- you specify 375
- Resize an anchored object 379
- Release an anchored object 379
- Add editorial notes 380
- Use Notes mode 380
- Manage notes 380
- Edit Notes preferences 381
- Linked stories 382
- Update a linked story 383
- Edit original story 383
- Drop caps and nested styles 385
- Create nested styles 386
- Create nested line styles 387
- Loop through nested styles 388
- End a nested style 389
- Create GREP styles 390
- Styles panel overview 393
- Introduction to export tags 395
- Define style-tag mapping 395
- Apply styles 396
- Apply a paragraph style 397
- Object styles 402
- Define object styles 403
- Apply object styles 404
- Use default object styles 404
- Clear object style overrides 405
- Rename an object style 406
- Edit object styles 406
- Delete an object style 406
- Redefine an object style 407
- Import object styles 407
- Working with styles 408
- Move and reorder styles 409
- Typography 410
- Using fonts 411
- Apply a font to text 412
- Specify a typeface size 412
- Previewing fonts 412
- OpenType fonts 413
- Installing OpenType fonts 413
- OpenType font attributes 414
- Work with missing fonts 415
- Document installed fonts 416
- Multiple master fonts 416
- Aligning text 417
- Create balanced headline text 418
- Formatting paragraphs 422
- Remove a drop cap 423
- Remove a paragraph rule 424
- Create hanging punctuation 426
- Formatting characters 427
- Assign a language to text 430
- Change the case of type 431
- Scale type 432
- Skew type 434
- Text composition 435
- Hyphenate text 436
- Prevent unwanted word breaks 437
- Change Justification settings 438
- Formatting text 441
- Use Quick Apply 443
- About leading 455
- Change leading 455
- Tabs and indents 457
- Set tabs 458
- Repeat tabs 459
- Move a tab setting 460
- Delete a tab setting 460
- Add tab leaders 461
- Insert right indent tabs 461
- Set indents 461
- Reset indents 462
- Create a hanging indent 463
- Use Indent To Here 464
- Kerning and tracking 465
- Apply kerning to text 466
- Adjust kerning manually 467
- Adjust tracking 467
- Adjust kerning between words 468
- Table and cell styles 487
- Define table and cell styles 488
- Apply table and cell styles 489
- Edit table and cell styles 490
- Delete table and cell styles 490
- Clear table or cell overrides 492
- Formatting tables 493
- Break tables across frames 494
- Add text before a table 495
- Format text within a table 495
- Merge and split cells 496
- Work with overset cells 497
- Creating tables 499
- Embed a table within a table 500
- Add text to a table 501
- Add graphics to a table 501
- Add table headers and footers 501
- Remove header or footer rows 502
- Selecting and editing tables 503
- Insert rows and columns 504
- Navigate within a table 506
- Move or copy a table 507
- Convert tables to text 507
- Combine tables 507
- Table strokes and fills 509
- Add stroke and fill to cells 510
- Add diagonal lines to a cell 511
- Table stroke and fill options 511
- Hyperlinks 515
- Create hyperlinks 516
- Create a hyperlink to a file 517
- Create a hyperlink to a page 517
- Hyperlink appearance options 519
- Convert URLs to hyperlinks 520
- Manage hyperlinks 521
- Cross-references 523
- Using cross-reference formats 524
- Manage cross-references 528
- Relink cross-references 529
- Edit cross-references 529
- Delete cross-references 529
- SWF export options 532
- Create FLA files for the web 533
- FLA export options 534
- Flash export issues 535
- Animation 537
- Motion preset options 538
- Manage motion presets 539
- Edit a motion path 540
- Structuring PDFs 542
- Tag page items 544
- Page transitions 547
- Clear transitions 548
- Movies and sounds 549
- Change sound settings 550
- Poster options 550
- Place a video file from a URL 551
- Relink legacy media files 552
- Forms 553
- Specify tab order 554
- Dynamic PDF documents 556
- Preview interactive documents 558
- Use Presentation Mode 559
- Create buttons 560
- Convert a button to an object 561
- Make buttons interactive 562
- Action types 563
- Edit or delete button actions 564
- Create jumps to text anchors 564
- Change button appearances 565
- Create multi-state objects 566
- Create button hot spots 567
- Set the button tab order 568
- Hyperlinks panel overview 569
- Bookmarks 570
- Delete a bookmark 571
- Drawing and painting 572
- Drawing with the Pen tool 573
- Draw curves with the Pen tool 574
- Finish drawing a path 575
- Drawing with the Pencil tool 578
- Pencil tool options 580
- Types of paths and shapes 581
- About paths 581
- Editing paths 584
- Adjust path segments 585
- Delete a segment 586
- Extend an open path 586
- Add or delete anchor points 587
- Split a path 589
- Smooth out paths 590
- About the Position tool 591
- Draw basic lines and shapes 592
- Draw a placeholder shape 593
- Specify polygon settings 593
- Create a compound path 596
- Break up a compound path 596
- Create compound shapes 597
- Create a compound shape 598
- Change corner appearance 601
- Set strokes 603
- Stroke panel options 603
- Add start and end shapes 604
- Define custom stroke styles 605
- Save custom stroke styles 607
- Applying color 609
- Apply the last used color 611
- Remove fill or stroke color 611
- Edit the fill or stroke color 612
- Cycle through color modes 613
- Working with swatches 615
- Create color swatches 616
- Manage swatches 617
- Duplicate a swatch 618
- Edit a swatch 618
- Control swatch names 618
- Delete individual swatches 619
- Delete all unused swatches 619
- Merge swatches 619
- Import swatches 620
- About spot and process colors 625
- About spot colors 625
- About process colors 625
- About tints 627
- Create and edit tints 627
- Create an unnamed tint 628
- Mixing inks 629
- Manage mixed ink groups 630
- Delete mixed ink groups 631
- Gradients 632
- Modify gradients 634
- Applying gradients to text 636
- Do you need color management? 639
- Transparency 640
- Adding transparency effects 641
- Apply transparency effects 642
- Edit a transparency effect 643
- Copy transparency effects 643
- Transparency effects 644
- Drop Shadow 645
- Inner Shadow 646
- Outer Glow 646
- Inner Glow 646
- Bevel and Emboss 646
- Basic Feather 647
- Directional Feather 647
- Use Global Light 648
- Set the opacity of an object 648
- Stop displaying transparency 650
- About flattening 651
- Flatten an individual spread 653
- Highlight (preview) options 654
- Blending colors 660
- Isolate blending modes 661
- Exporting and publishing 663
- Export content for EPUB 664
- EPUB Export options 665
- EPUB Image options 666
- EPUB resources 667
- Export content to HTML 668
- Exporting to Adobe PDF 671
- Adobe PDF presets 673
- Customize Adobe PDF presets 674
- Load Adobe PDF presets 675
- Background Tasks panel 676
- Export to JPEG format 677
- JPEG (.jpg) files 678
- Export content for EPUB 679
- Exporting 684
- XHTML export options 685
- Export content for EPUB (CS5) 687
- Export content to Buzzword 689
- Exporting XML 691
- Save tags only as XML 693
- Edit an exported XML file 693
- HTML export options 694
- EPUB General export options 698
- EPUB Images options 699
- EPUB Contents options 699
- Adobe PDF options 701
- PDF compatibility levels 702
- General options for PDFs 703
- Adding security to PDF files 707
- Security options for PDFs 707
- Printing 710
- Preflight panel overview 713
- Define preflight profiles 713
- Define a preflight profile 714
- Embed and unembed profiles 714
- Export and load profiles 714
- Delete a profile 715
- Resolve errors 715
- Select a different profile 716
- Set Preflight options 716
- Preflight books 717
- Package files 718
- Correct font errors 719
- Repair links and images 719
- Creating separations 721
- Outputting spot colors 722
- Printing a composite 723
- Preview color separations 723
- Preview separation plates 724
- Preview ink coverage 724
- Return to normal view 725
- Printing documents 726
- Print a document or book 727
- Options for printing objects 728
- Specifying pages to print 729
- Specify a custom paper size 731
- value B. Gap C. Film saved 732
- Print as bitmap 733
- Preview documents 733
- Setting up a printer 734
- Use print presets 735
- Create print presets 736
- Apply print presets 736
- Edit print presets 736
- Delete print presets 736
- Printing booklets 737
- Booklet types 738
- Understanding creep 740
- Printer’s marks and bleeds 742
- Marks and Bleed options 743
- Trap presets 745
- Manage trap presets 746
- Assign a trap preset to pages 747
- Set up trapping page ranges 747
- Trap preset options 747
- Trap widths 748
- Trap appearance 748
- Trap thresholds 748
- Set sliding traps 749
- About trapping black 750
- Trapping documents and books 751
- About automatic trapping 752
- Trapping text 753
- Trap a document or book 754
- Print thumbnails 755
- Printing oversized documents 755
- Tile a document 755
- Scale documents 756
- Scale a document manually 757
- Printing graphics and fonts 758
- PostScript printing options 759
- Options for omitting graphics 759
- Overprinting 760
- Overprinting page items 761
- Overprint a paragraph rule 762
- Managing color 764
- Print a hard proof 766
- Ink Manager overview 768
- Specify emulsion 771
- Specify the image exposure 771
- Proofing color separations 772
- Producing in-RIP separations 772
- Print or save separations 772
- Export pages in EPS format 777
- EPS export options 778
- Adjust the trapping sequence 781
- Digital publications 782
- Automation 804
- Scripting 805
- Running sample scripts 806
- Plug-ins 808
- Data merge 809
- About data source files 810
- About target documents 812
- Select a data source 812
- Insert data fields 812
- Switching preview on or off 814
- Edit data field placeholders 815
- Set content placement options 815
- Merge records 815
- Update data fields 817
- Overset text reports 817
- Content placement options 817
- Accessibility 819
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